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1.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 23: e241965, 2024. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1527023

ABSTRACT

Aim: This study aims to report the perioperative management of a patient with von Willebrand disease (vWd) who underwent orthognathic surgery. The report follows the guidelines of the Case Report Guidelines (CARE) and focuses on the steps taken to prevent bleeding during the surgical procedure. Methods: A 39-year-old female patient with skeletal Class III was treated with maxillary advancement and mandibular setback. Despite normal test results for ristocetin cofactor activity, measures were taken to prevent bleeding, including atraumatic surgical techniques, use of antifibrinolytic medication, induced hypotension during anesthesia, and preparation of blood products for transfusion during trans and postoperative periods if needed. In the end, these measures were not required. Results: The patient did not experience any bleeding during the surgical procedure or postoperative period, demonstrating the effectiveness of the measures taken to manage their blood dyscrasia. Two years after the surgery, the patient had satisfactory aesthetic and functional results and no evidence of relapse. Conclusion: Thus, this case report demonstrates that vWd does not prevent largescale oral and maxillofacial surgeries such as orthognathic surgery as long as proper precautions are taken pre-, intraand postoperatively


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Postoperative Period , von Willebrand Diseases , Orthognathic Surgery
2.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 58(4): 599-603, July-Aug. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521808

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To identify blood transfusion requirements and postoperative complications in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with no tourniquet and intraoperative intravenous administration of tranexamic acid. Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed 49 preopeative and postoperative medical records of patients undergoing TKA. A paired t-test compared changes in hemoglobin (HB) and packed cell volume (PCV), and an independent t-test with Welch correction compared HB and PCV changes between genders. A Spearman correlation test determined associations between age and days of postoperative hospitalization with HB and PCV changes. The significance level adopted was p < 0.05. Results: The patients' mean age was 71.9 ± 6.7 years; most subjects were women (73.5%). The right side (59.2%) was the most affected. Only one participant required a blood transfusion, while three subjects had complications during the postoperative follow-up. No patient had a thromboembolic event. The median length of postoperative hospital stay was 2 days (interquartile range [IQR] = 1.0). There were reductions in HB and PCV levels between the pre-operative and postoperative period, and female patients had a higher HB reduction. Conclusion: TKA with tranexamic acid and no tourniquet did not cause significant postoperative complications or require blood transfusions.


Resumo Objetivo: Identificar a necessidade de transfusão sanguínea e intercorrências inerentes ao pós-operatório de pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total de joelho (ATJ), a partir de manejos realizados sem o uso de torniquete e com administração de ácido tranexâmico endovenoso intra-operatório. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional retrospectivo, a partir da observação de 49 prontuários médicos de pacientes submetidos à ATJ em pré e pós-operatório. Foi utilizado o teste t pareado para fazer comparações das modificações de hemoglobina (HB) e hematócrito (HT) e o teste t independente com correção de Welch para comparar as modificações de HB e HT entre os sexos. As associações de idade e dias de internação no pós-operatório com as modificações de HB e HT foram testadas pela correlação de Spearman. O nível de significância adotado foi p < 0,05. Resultados: Os pacientes apresentaram idade média de 71,9 ± 6,7 anos. A maioria da amostra foi composta por mulheres (73,5%) e o lado direito (59,2%) foi o mais acometido. Apenas um participante necessitou de transfusão de sangue e três participantes apresentaram intercorrências durante o seguimento pós-operatório. Nenhum paciente apresentou evento tromboembólico. A mediana da duração da internação no pós-operatório foi de dois dias (IIQ= 1,0). Verificaram-se reduções nas dosagens de HB e HT entre o pré e pós-operatório, e pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram maior redução de HB. Conclusão: ATJ com uso de ácido tranexâmico e sem uso de torniquete não acarretou complicações pós-operatórias ou necessidade de transfusão sanguínea significativas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Postoperative Period , Tranexamic Acid/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee
3.
Rev. cir. traumatol. buco-maxilo-fac ; 23(1): 31-37, jan.-mar. 2023. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1443856

ABSTRACT

A ressecção é o tratamento de escolha para tratamento do ameloblastoma, este que é o tumor odontogênico mais comuns, excluindo os odontomas. A desregulação de diversos genes no desenvolvimento de dentes pode desempenhar papel em sua histogênese. Alguns eventos adversos podem ocorrer durante seu tratamento pós-operatório. Recidivas ocorrem porque o ameloblastoma tende a se infiltrar entre o trabeculado ósseo esponjoso intacto na periferia do tumor antes que a reabsorção óssea se torne radiograficamente evidente. Consequentemente, a margem real do tumor sempre se estende além da sua imagem radiográfica ou da margem clínica. Deiscência de sutura é uma complicação que pode ocorrer no pós-operatório imediato na qual as bordas da ferida, que estão unidas por uma sutura, acabam se abrindo, aumentando o risco de infecção e dificultando assim a cicatrização. Fratura de placa de reconstrução é um evento possível de ocorrer em tratamentos de grandes defeitos. O estresse causado pela modelagem da placa durante a conformação da placa, além da ação muscular são uns dos fatores que pode fragilizar o metal da placa. Outras complicações podem ocorrer como: assimetrias, parestesia temporária e permanente do nervo alveolar inferior e deficiência estética e funcional. As descrições destes eventos na literatura ajudam aos clínicos conhecer e tentá-lo preveni-lo e com saber tratar... (AU)


Resection is the treatment of choice for treating ameloblastoma, which is the most common odontogenic tumor, excluding odontomas. The dysregulation of several genes in the development of teeth may play a role in their histogenesis. Some adverse events may occur during your postoperative treatment. Relapses occur because ameloblastoma tends to infiltrate between intact cancellous bone trabeculae at the pe riphery of the tumor before bone resorption becomes radiographi cally evident. Consequently, the actual tumor margin always extends beyond its radiographic image or clinical margin. Suture dehiscence is a complication that can occur in the immediate postoperative period in which the edges of the wound, which are joined by a suture, end up opening, increasing the risk of infection and thus hindering healing. Reconstruction plate fracture is a possible event to occur in large de fect treatments. The stress caused by the modeling of the plate during the formation of the plate, in addition to muscle action, are one of the factors that can weaken the plate metal. Other complications may occur, such as: asymmetries, temporary and permanent paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve and aesthetic and functional deficiency. The descriptions of these events in the literature help clinicians to Resection is the treatment of choice for treating ameloblastoma, which is the most common odontogenic tumor, excluding odontomas. The dysregulation of several genes in the development of teeth may play a role in their histogenesis. Some adverse events may occur during your postoperative treatment. Relapses occur because ameloblastoma tends to infiltrate between intact cancellous bone trabeculae at the pe riphery of the tumor before bone resorption becomes radiographi cally evident. Consequently, the actual tumor margin always extends beyond its radiographic image or clinical margin. Suture dehiscence is a complication that can occur in the immediate postoperative period in which the edges of the wound, which are joined by a suture, end up opening, increasing the risk of infection and thus hindering healing. Reconstruction plate fracture is a possible event to occur in large de fect treatments. The stress caused by the modeling of the plate during the formation of the plate, in addition to muscle action, are one of the factors that can weaken the plate metal. Other complications may occur, such as: asymmetries, temporary and permanent paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve and aesthetic and functional deficiency. The descriptions of these events in the literature help clinicians to know and try to prevent them and to know how to treat them... (AU)


La resección es el tratamiento de elección para tratar el ameloblastoma, que es el tumor odontogénico más común, excluyendo los odontomas. La desregulación de varios genes en el desarrollo de los dientes puede desempeñar un papel en su histogénesis. Algunos eventos adversos pueden ocurrir durante su tratamiento postoperatorio. Las recaídas ocurren porque el ameloblastoma tiende a infiltrarse entre las trabéculas del hueso esponjoso intacto en la periferia del tumor antes de que la reabsorción ósea sea evidente en las radiografías. En consecuencia, el margen tumoral real siempre se extiende más allá de su imagen radiográfica o margen clínico. La dehiscencia de sutura es una complicación que puede ocurrir en el postoperatorio inmediato en el que los bordes de la herida, que están unidos por una sutura, acaban abriéndose, aumentando el riesgo de infección y dificultando así la cicatrización. La fractura de la placa de reconstrucción es un evento posible que ocurre en los tratamientos de defectos grandes. Los esfuerzos que provoca el modelado de la placa durante la conformación de la placa, además de la acción muscular, son uno de los factores que pueden debilitar la placa metálica. Pueden presentarse otras complicaciones como: asimetrías, parestesias temporales y permanentes del nervio alveolar inferior y deficiencia estética y funcional. Las descripciones de estos eventos en la literatura ayudan a los clínicos a conocerlo y tratar de prevenirlo y saber cómo tratarlo... (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Period , Recurrence , Odontogenic Tumors
4.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 43(3): 235-242, July-sept. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521151

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The introduction of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery led to increasing twenty-four hours discharge pathways, for example in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and bariatric surgery. However, implementation in colorectal surgery still must set off. This systematic review assesses safety and feasibility of twenty-four hours discharge in colorectal surgery in terms of readmission and complications in current literature. Secondary outcome was identification of factors associated with success of twenty-four hours discharge. Methods: Pubmed and EMBASE databases were searched to identify studies investigating twenty-four hours discharge in colorectal surgery, without restriction of study type. Search strategy included keywords relating to ambulatory management and colorectal surgery. Studies were scored according to MINORS score. Results: Thirteen studies were included in this systematic review, consisting of six prospective and seven retrospective studies. Number of participants of the included prospective studies ranged from 5 to 157. Median success of discharge was 96% in the twenty-four hours discharge group. All prospective studies showed similar readmission and complication rates between twenty-four hours discharge and conventional postoperative management. Factors associated with success of twenty-four hours discharge were low ASA classification, younger age, minimally invasive approach, and relatively shorter operation time. Conclusions: Twenty-four hours discharge in colorectal surgery seems feasible and safe, based on retro- and prospective studies. Careful selection of patients and establishment of a clear and adequate protocol are key items to assure safety and feasibility. Results should be interpreted with caution, due to heterogeneity. To confirm results, an adequately powered prospective randomized study is needed. (AU)


Subject(s)
Patient Discharge , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Length of Stay , Postoperative Complications , Postoperative Period
5.
Distúrb. comun ; 35(1): e56371, 01/06/2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1436170

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Alterações na tireoide e a tireoidectomia podem levar à sintomatologia vocal e emocional.Objetivo: Correlacionar sintomas vocais e traços de ansiedade e depressão pré e pós-tireoidectomia. Métodos: Estudo observacional, longitudinal. Participaram 20 pacientes submetidos à tireoidectomia, ao exame visual laríngeo e à Escala de Sintomas Vocais (ESV) e Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HADS) no pré-operatório, pós 1 semana e pós 3 meses, com média de idade de 54,5 anos, maior prevalência do sexo feminino (85%) e tireoidectomia parcial (70%). Resultados: Os pacientes autorreferiram sintomas vocais em todos os momentos, com maior frequência após uma semana e diferença significativa entre o domínio físico pré e pós 1 semana. Na HADS, observou-se maior escore total no pré-operatório e diferença significante nos três momentos, em todos os domínios, com maior diferença entre pré e pós 1 semana. Houve correlação positiva fraca entre os domínios limitação, emocional e escore total da ESV com a subescala de ansiedade pós 1 semana, entre o escore total da ESV e o escore total da HADS e correlação positiva moderada entre os domínios limitação e emocional da ESV com o escore total da HADS após uma semana. Conclusão: Pacientes submetidos à tireoidectomia autopercebem sintomas vocais e traços de grau leve de ansiedade tanto no pré quanto pós 1 semana e após 3 meses de cirurgia com pior autorreferência após uma semana. Quanto maior a autorreferência de sintomas vocais, mais traços de ansiedade o paciente pode apresentar. (AU)


Introduction: Thyroid alterations and thyroidectomy can lead to vocal and emotional symptoms.Purpose: To correlate vocal symptoms and anxiety and depression traits pre and post-thyroidectomy. Methods: Observational, longitudinal study. Participants were 20 patients who underwent thyroidectomy, laryngeal visual examination and the Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) preoperatively, 1 week and 3 months after, with a mean age of 54.5 years, higher prevalence of female gender (85%) and partial thyroidectomy (70%). Results: The patients self-reported vocal symptoms at all times, more frequently after one week and a significant difference between the physical domain pre and post 1 week. In HADS, there was a higher total score in the preoperative period and a significant difference in the three moments, in all domains, with a greater difference between pre and post 1 week. There was a weak positive correlation between the limitation, emotional and total score of the ESV domains with the anxiety subscale after 1 week, between the total score of the ESV and the total score of the HADS, and a moderate positive correlation between the limitation and emotional domains of the ESV with the HADS total score after one week. Conclusion: Patients undergoing thyroidectomy self-perceived vocal symptoms and mild anxiety traits both before and after 1 week and after 3 months of surgery with worse self-report after one week. The greater the self-report of vocal symptoms, the more traces of anxiety the patient may present. (AU)


Introducción: Cambios en la tiroides y tiroidectomía pueden provocar síntomas vocales y emocionales. Objetivo: Correlacionar síntomas vocales y rasgos de ansiedad y depresión antes y después de tiroidectomía. Metodos: Estudio observacional/longitudinal. Participaron 20 pacientes que se les realizó tiroidectomía, examen visual laríngeo, Escala de Síntomas Vocales (ESV) y Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión (HADS) en preoperatorio, 1 semana y 3 meses después, con edad media de 54,5 años, prevalencia del género femenino (85%) y tiroidectomía parcial (70%). Resultados: Los pacientes informaron síntomas vocales en todo momento, con mayor frecuencia después de una semana y una diferencia significativa entre el dominio físico antes y después de 1 semana. En HADS, hubo mayor puntaje total en el preoperatorio y diferencia significativa en los tres momentos, con mayor diferencia entre pre y post 1 semana. Hubo una correlación positiva débil entre limitación, emocional y total de los dominios de la ESV con la subescala de ansiedad después de 1 semana, entre el total de la ESV y e total de la HADS, y una correlación positiva moderada entre la puntuación de limitación y dominios emocionales de la ESV con la puntuación total de HADS después de una semana. Conclusión: Los pacientes sometidos a tiroidectomía autopercibieron síntomas vocales y rasgos de ansiedad leve tanto antes como después de 1 semana y después de 3 meses de la cirugía con peor autoinforme después de una semana. Cuanto mayor es el autoinforme de síntomas vocales, más rastros de ansiedad puede presentar el paciente. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Anxiety , Thyroidectomy/psychology , Voice Disorders/psychology , Depression , Postoperative Period , Thyroid Diseases , Voice , Preoperative Period
6.
Cuad. Hosp. Clín ; 64(1): 52-57, jun. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1444500

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La infección del sitio operatorio (ISO), es una de las principales complicaciones en la cirugía de la peritonitis generalizada por apendicitis aguda (PGAA). La mejor opción entre cierre primario (CP) y diferido (CD) de la laparotomía, aún es materia de controversia. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar asociación entre tipo de cierre y desarrollo de ISO en pacientes con PGAA. Material y método: Ensayo clínico con asignación aleatoria (ECA) Se reclutó a pacientes con PGAA sin exclusión de sexo ni edad, e intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Obrero Nº 1 (La Paz, Bolivia) entre julio de 2019 y noviembre de 2021; y se les asignó de forma aleatoria a CP y CD; con un seguimiento mínimo de 30 días postoperatorio. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva (cálculo de porcentajes, de medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión); y posteriormente, se aplicaron estadísticas analíticas para estudiar asociación entre variables (test exacto de Fisher para variables categóricas y t de student para variables continuas). Se determinaron RA, RR, OR NNT y sus respectivos IC95%. Resultados: Se incluyeron 100 pacientes, divididos en 59 con CP y 41 con CD, con promedio de edad, peso, estatura e IMC de 43±13,1 años, 71±8,5 kilogramos, 1,61±0,8 metros y 27,6±3,2 respectivamente. La ISO fue de 29,8% y 4,7% en los grupos de CP y CD respectivamente. La incidencia de ISO para el CD fue de 0,05 (5%) y de 0,30 (30%) para el CP. Para los seromas, el RA para el CD es de 0,27 y para el CP de 0,55. El Número Necesario a Tratar (NNT) fue 3,97 (IC95%: 2,75-5,19). No hubo mortalidad. Conclusión: El CD se asocia a menor incidencia de ISO.


Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the main complications in surgery for generalized peritonitis due to acute appendicitis (GPAA). The best option between primary (PC) and delayed (CD) laparotomy closure is still a matter of controversy. The objective of this study was to determine the association between the type of closure and the development of SSI in patients with GPAA. Material and method: Randomized Clinical trial. Patients with GPAA were recruited without exclusion of sex or age, and underwent surgery in the Surgery Service of Hospital Obrero No. 1 (La Paz, Bolivia) between July 2019 and November 2021; they were randomly assigned to PC and DC; with a minimum follow-up of 30 days postoperatively. Descriptive statistics were applied (calculation of percentages, measures of central tendency, and dispersion); and subsequently, analytical statistics were applied to study the association between variables (Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and Student's T test for continuous variables). AR, RR, OR, NNT and their respective 95% CI were determined. Results: 100 patients were included, divided into 59 with PC and 41 with CD, with average age, weight, height, and BMI of 43±13.1 years, 71±8.5 kilograms, 1.61±0.8 meters and 27.6±3.2 respectively. The SSI was 29.8% and 4.7% in the PC and DC groups respectively. The incidence of SSI for DC was 0.05 (5%) and 0.30 (30%) for PC. For seromas, the AR for DC is 0.27 and for PC 0.55. The Number Needed to Treat (NNT) was 3.97 (95% CI: 2.75-5.19). There was no mortality. Conclusion: DC is associated with a lower incidence of SSI.


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Period , Peritonitis
7.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 58(1): 121-126, Jan.-Feb. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441339

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented pause in elective surgeries, including shoulder arthroplasty. We sought to determine whether clinical and/or demographic differences would be seen between patients who presented for shoulder arthroplasty during the pandemic compared with the previous year (2019). Methods Institutional records were queried for patients who underwent shoulder replacement between March 1 and July 1 of 2019 and 2020. Demographics, range of motion, surgical duration, hospitalization time, discharge disposition, and postoperative management were analyzed. Results The mean duration of surgery was 160 ± 50 minutes in 2020 and 179 ± 54 minutes in 2019 (p= 0.13). The mean hospitalization time was 36 ± 13 hours in 2020 and 51 ± 40 hours in 2019 (p= 0.04). In 2019, 96% of the patients participated in physical therapy, while 71% did it in 2020 (p= 0.003). A total of 100% of the 2019 patients and 86% of the 2020 patients participated in an in-person postoperative follow-up (p= 0.006). The 2019 patients reported for an office visit on average 14 ± 11 days after surgery; the 2020 patients waited 25 ± 25 days to return for a follow-up (p= 0.10). Range of motion, age, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores, and complication rates did not differ between the cohorts. Conclusion Patients presenting for surgery during the initial phase of the pandemic were demographically and clinically similar to 2019 patients. However, the length of stay was significantly reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Postoperative follow-up and physical therapy were delayed in 2020, but this did not lead to differences in complication or readmission rates compared with those of the 2019 cohort. Level of EvidenceIII.


Resumo Objetivo A pandemia de COVID-19 causou uma pausa sem precedentes em cirurgias eletivas, inclusive artroplastia de ombro. Procuramos determinar as possíveis diferenças clínicas e/ou demográficas entre os pacientes que realizaram artroplastia de ombro durante a pandemia em comparação com o ano anterior (2019). Métodos Os registros institucionais foram consultados para obtenção de informações sobre pacientes submetidos a artroplastia de ombro entre 1° de março a 1° de julho de 2019 e 2020. Dados demográficos, amplitude de movimento, duração da cirurgia, tempo de hospitalização, condições à alta e manejo pós-operatório foram analisados. Resultados O tempo médio de cirurgia foi de 160 ± 50 minutos em 2020 e de 179 ± 54 minutos em 2019 (p= 0,13). O tempo médio de internação foi de 36 ± 13 horas em 2020 e de 51 ± 40 horas em 2019 (p= 0,04). Em 2019, 96% dos pacientes fizeram fisioterapia, enquanto 71% o fizeram em 2020 (p= 0,003). Todos os pacientes de 2019 e 86% dos pacientes de 2020 participaram do acompanhamento pós-operatório presencial (p= 0,006). Os pacientes de 2019 retornaram para a consulta médica em média 14 ± 11 dias após a cirurgia; os pacientes de 2020 retornaram para o acompanhamento em 25 ± 25 dias (p= 0,10). A amplitude de movimento, a idade, a pontuação da American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA, na sigla em inglês) e as taxas de complicações não diferiram entre as coortes. Conclusão Os pacientes submetidos a cirurgia na fase inicial da pandemia eram demográfica e clinicamente semelhantes aos pacientes de 2019. No entanto, o tempo de internação diminuiu de forma significativa durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O acompanhamento pós-operatório e a fisioterapia foram adiados em 2020, mas isso não levou a diferenças nas taxas de complicações ou de reinternações em comparação às da coorte de 2019. Nível de EvidênciaIII.


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Period , Elective Surgical Procedures , Perioperative Period , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder , COVID-19
8.
Braz. J. Anesth. (Impr.) ; 73(1): 91-100, Jan.-Feb. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420641

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Postoperative cough may occur after tracheal intubation, but it is indistinct which drug is best at diminishing these events. Additionally, airway reflexes are commonly accompanied by severe hemodynamics responses during emergence. Objectives To evaluate the role of topical airway anesthesia on immediate post-extubation cough/bucking and extubation time. Methods Randomized clinical trials from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and LILACS published until December 23, 2020 were included. Our primary outcome was postoperative cough/bucking incidence which was compared between local anesthetics and controls. Extubation times were likewise considered. Predisposition appraisal and subgroup, affectability investigations were likewise performed. Results The pooled analysis found a 45% reduction in cough incidence after treatment with topical airway local anesthetic (RR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.42 to 0.72; p< 0.001). The number needed to treat (NNT) was 4.61. The intervention showed no differences in reduction of the extubation time (mean difference = -0.07; 95% CI: -0.14 to 0.28; p= 0.49). Conclusion Topical airway anesthesia demonstrated better than placebo or no medication in reducing immediate post-extubation cough/bucking. Further studies could have this objective to combine the different ways to perform better outcomes for patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cough/prevention & control , Intubation, Intratracheal , Postoperative Period , Airway Extubation , Anesthesia, General , Anesthesia, Local , Anesthetics, Local
9.
ABCD (São Paulo, Online) ; 36: e1753, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447012

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Vitamin, mineral, and metabolic deficiencies occur in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery, in the short and long term, and are worrisome intercurrences. AIMS: To evaluate the association of serum vitamin D levels with the lipid profile in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS: Case series of patients assisted from 2010 to 2018, in a private hospital of medium and high complexity, who underwent bariatric surgery using sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass techniques, monitored by the same surgeon. Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and anthropometric data were collected preoperatively and at 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. RESULTS: A total of 156 individuals, mostly female (75.6%) were monitored. The most frequent comorbidities were hepatic steatosis (76.3%) and hypertension (48.27). Regarding preoperative vitamin D levels, only 18.9% of the population had a satisfactory level (≥30 ng/mL). There was a reduction in weight and an improvement in the lipid profile after surgery. Significant correlations were observed between the lipid profile and vitamin D concentration only in the sample submitted to the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass technique: negative correlation between total cholesterol and vitamin D two years after surgery; positive correlation between triglycerides and vitamin D one year after surgery; and negative correlation between high-density lipoprotein and vitamin D two years post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS: It is essential to routinely monitor vitamin D levels and lipid profile pre- and postoperatively in order to avoid damage associated with this vitamin deficiency.


RESUMO RACIONAL: Deficiências vitamínicas, minerais e metabólicas ocorrem no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica, a curto e longo prazo, sendo intercorrências preocupantes. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a associação dos níveis séricos de vitamina D com o perfil lipídico, em pacientes obesos submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. MÉTODOS: Série de casos de pacientes atendidos de 2010 até 2018, em hospital privado de média e alta complexidade, submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica pelas técnicas da gastrectomia vertical e derivação gástrica em Y de Roux, acompanhados pelo mesmo cirurgião. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, dados laboratoriais e antropométricos no pré-operatório, 6 meses, 12 meses e 24 meses após cirurgia. RESULTADOS: Foram acompanhados 156 indivíduos, maioria sexo feminino (75,6%), comorbidades mais frequentes foram esteatose hepática (76,3%) e hipertensão (48,27). Em relação aos níveis de vitamina D pré-operatórios, apenas 18,9% da população apresentaram níveis satisfatórios (=30 ng/mL). Observou-se redução do peso e melhora do perfil lipídico pós-cirúrgico. Sobre as correlações entre o perfil lipídico e concentração de vitamina D foram observadas correlações significativas apenas na amostra que passou pela técnica cirúrgica derivação gástrica em Y de Roux: correlação negativa entre o colesterol total e vitamina D após 2 anos de cirurgia; correlação positiva entre triglicerídeo e vitamina D 1 ano pós-operatório; e correlação negativa entre HDL e vitamina D 2 anos pós-operatório. CONCLUSÕES: é essencial acompanhar os níveis de vitamina D e perfil lipídico no pré e pós-operatório de forma rotineira a fim de evitar danos relacionados a deficiência dessa vitamina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Vitamin D Deficiency/etiology , Vitamin D Deficiency/blood , Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects , Postoperative Period , Vitamin D , Body Mass Index , Bariatric Surgery/methods , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Obesity/surgery
10.
Arch. pediatr. Urug ; 94(1): e801, 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | UY-BNMED, LILACS, BNUY | ID: biblio-1439312

ABSTRACT

La hernia diafragmática congénita es un defecto en el diafragma que lleva a la herniación del contenido abdominal a la cavidad torácica durante el período intrauterino. La morbimortalidad está determinada por la asociación con otras malformaciones, el grado de hipoplasia pulmonar y la presencia de hipertensión pulmonar secundaria. Presenta una incidencia estimada de 1 cada 2.500-3.000 recién nacidos vivos, constituyendo en un 60% una malformación aislada. Es una patología evolutiva que puede ser diagnosticada a partir de la semana 20-24, la ubicación más habitual es la posterolateral izquierda. Se trata de una patología que requiere ingreso a cuidados intensivos al nacimiento y luego de lograda la estabilización del paciente es de sanción quirúrgica. Los objetivos de este trabajo son conocer las características generales de la patología para sistematizar el manejo logrando así un óptimo asesoramiento de los padres a nivel prenatal y seguimiento postnatal del recién nacido.


Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a defect in the diaphragm that leads to herniation of theabdominal contents of the thoracic cavity during the intrauterine period. Morbidity and mortality are determined by the association with other malformations, the degree ofpulmonary hypoplasia and the presence of secondary pulmonary hypertension.It has an estimated incidence of 1 every 2,500-3,000 live newborns, and in 60% of the cases it is an isolated malformation. It is an evolutionary pathology that can be diagnosed from week 20-24; it is most commonly located in the left posterolateral. It is a pathology that requires intensive care at birth and after delivery and once the patient has been stabilized, surgical action is required. The objectives of this work are to understand the general characteristics of the pathology in order to refine its manipulation and achieve optimal counseling for parents at the newborn's prenatal and postnatal stages.


A hérnia diafragmática congênita é um defeito no diafragma que leva à herniação doconteúdo abdominal para a cavidade torácica durante o período intrauterino. A morbimortalidade é determinada pela associação com outras malformações, pelo grau de hipoplasia pulmonar e pela presença de hipertensão pulmonar secundária. Apresenta uma incidência estimada de 1 a cada 2.500-3.000 nascidos vivos, constituindo-se em 60% uma malformação isolada. É uma patologia evolutiva que pode ser diagnosticada a partir da semana 20-24 e a localização mais comum é o póstero-lateral esquerdo. É uma patologia que requer internação em terapia intensiva ao nascimento e após o parto. Uma vez que o paciente for estabilizado, é necessária ação cirúrgica. Os objetivos deste paper são conhecer as características gerais da patologia para melhorar o seu manejo, obtendo assim um aconselhamento ideal para os pais no nível pré-natal e no acompanhamento do crescimento pós-natal do recém-nascido.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Postnatal Care/standards , Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital/therapy , Postoperative Period , Prenatal Diagnosis/standards , Prognosis , Severity of Illness Index , Patient Transfer/standards , Critical Care/standards , Preoperative Period , Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital/surgery , Analgesia/standards , Hypertension, Pulmonary/therapy , Monitoring, Physiologic/standards
11.
Braz. J. Anesth. (Impr.) ; 73(4): 418-425, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447610

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Robotic-Assisted Hysterectomies (RAH) require Trendelenburg positioning and pneumoperitoneum, which further accentuate alteration in respiratory mechanics induced by general anesthesia. The role of Recruitment Maneuver (RM) as a lung-protective strategy during intraoperative surgical settings has not been much studied. We planned this study to evaluate the effect of RM on perioperative oxygenation and postoperative spirometry using PaO2/FiO2 and FEV1/FVC, respectively in patients undergoing RAH. Methods Sixty-six ASA I‒II female patients scheduled for elective RAH were randomized into group R (recruitment maneuver, n = 33) or group C (control, n = 33). Portable spirometry was done one day before surgery. Patients were induced with general anesthesia, and mechanical ventilation started with volume control mode, with Tidal Volume (TV) of 6-8 mL.kg−1, Respiratory Rate (RR) of 12 min, inspiratory-expiratory ratio (I: E ratio) of 1:2, FiO2 of 0.4, and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) of 5 cmH2O. Patients in group R received recruitment maneuvers of 30 cmH2O every 30 minutes following tracheal intubation. The primary objectives were comparison of oxygenation and ventilation between two groups intraoperatively and portable spirometry postoperatively. Postoperative pulmonary complications, like desaturation, pulmonary edema, pneumonia, were monitored. Results Patients who received RM had significantly higher PaO2 (mmHg) (203.2+-24.3 vs. 167.8+-27.3, p < 0.001) at T2 (30 min after the pneumoperitoneum). However, there was no significant difference in portable spirometry between the groups in the postoperative period (FVC, 1.40 ± 0.5 L vs. 1.32 ± 0.46 L, p= 0.55). Conclusion This study concluded that intraoperative recruitment did not prevent deterioration of postoperative spirometry values; however, it led to improved oxygenation intraoperatively.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pneumoperitoneum/complications , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Postoperative Period , Single-Blind Method , Tidal Volume , Hysterectomy/adverse effects , Lung
12.
São Paulo; s.n; 2023. 70 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, Inca | ID: biblio-1510450

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O câncer colorretal (CCR) é um problema de saúde pública mundial cujo controle depende do estabelecimento de políticas públicas e programas de prevenção e rastreamento eficazes. No Brasil estudos relacionados à adesão e preferências a diferentes métodos de rastreamento são pouco conhecidos. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação de características demográficas, condição socioeconômica e variáveis clínicas na adesão para realização de testes de sangue oculto nas fezes (PSOF) dos tipos Imunoquimico Mecanizado (FIT) e Guaiaco (G-FOBT) em população de médio risco para o desenvolvimento de câncer colorretal. Método: Estudo observacional transversal, com coleta prospectiva de dados. Entre março de 2015 e abril de 2016 1.254 indivíduos assintomáticos, com idade entre 50 e 75 anos, foram consecutivamente selecionados a partir de campanhas hospitalares de rastreamento para neoplasias conduzidas pelo AC Camargo Cancer Center. Todos os participantes foram convidados ao rastreamento do CCR mediante realização dos testes (G-FOBT) e (FIT) e responderam a um questionário com características demográficas, condição socioeconômica e variáveis clínicas. Análise estatística: Para avaliar a independência entre variáveis qualitativas foi aplicado o teste de Qui-quadrado. As médias das variáveis quantitativas foram comparadas através do Teste t. Os resultados das análises univariadas foram utilizados para selecionar variáveis para os modelos de regressão logística múltipla, considerando-se valores de p≤0.20. As associações estão descritas por Odds Ratio (OR) e o intervalo de confiança adotado foi de 95% (95% CI). A significância considerada foi de 0.05. A partir dos resultados encontrados foi proposto um nomograma para a predição da probabilidade de adesão com base nas características dos indivíduos. Resultados: As taxas de adesão foram 55,6% e 48,8%, respectivamente para os testes FIT e G-FOBT (p<0.001). As médias de anos de estudos foram diferentes entre os grupos aderentes e não aderentes nos métodos FIT e G-FOBT (8.4vs 9.0; p = 0.001). Nas análises univariadas, as variáveis idade, tipo de atividade ocupacional, crença religiosa e realização prévia de PSOF influenciaram as taxas de adesão aos dois tipos de testes. Nos modelos multivariados, respectivamente para os exames FIT e G-FOBT as variáveis idade 60-75 anos (OR = 1.39; 95%IC 1.06­1.81) e (OR = 1.49; 95%IC 1.16­1.49), presença de crença religiosa (OR = 1.99; 95%IC 1.27­3.11) e (OR = 1.70; 95% IC 1.11­2.60), PSOF (OR = 2.22; 95% IC 1.61­ 3.05) e (OR = 1.26; 95% IC 1.26­2.20) e trabalho em tempo integral ou parcial (OR = 0.69; 95% IC 0.05­0.96) e (OR= 0.68; 95%IC 0.50­0.91) estiveram associadas de forma independente à adesão aos métodos de rastreamento do CCR. As variáveis, sexo, raça, estado civil, renda, presença de seguro saúde e distância da residência até o hospital não influenciaram na adesão aos exames FIT e G-FOBT. Conclusão: Maior idade, presença de crença religiosa, ausência de atividade de trabalho formal e realização prévia de PSOF estão relacionados à maior adesão aos testes (FIT) e o (G-FOBT), na população estudada.


INTRODUCTION: Colorectal surgeries are complex procedures, associated with higher rates of complications and readmissions than procedures at other surgical sites. Currently, standardized procedures aim the early recovery of patients treated for colorectal surgeries in order to reduce the length of hospital stay. The reduction in hospitalization time, however, despite being considered a positive result, may lead to a risk , since complications generally occur outside the hospital environment, making it difficult to assess and monitor these patients. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to develop a mobile health app , accessible on smartphones, to remotely monitor the signs and symptoms of patients in the postoperative period of colorectal surgeries, evaluating the outcomes of admission rate in the emergency department and rate of severe complications. (Clavien-Dindo 3 to 5) within a fifteen-day postoperative period. METHODS: The project was developed in two steps, the first being the structuring of the Digital Journey, with the creation of a platform with a decision algorithm for identifying symptoms and directing conducts, and the second the validation of the program in a pilot study. Patients aged between 18 and 80 years old, who were to undergo oncological colorectal surgeries, were included in the study. The study was conducted on the premises of the A.C.Camargo Cancer Center. Monitoring of patients and reporting of signs and symptoms by patients were performed via a remote monitoring platform, using a smartphone or computer. RESULTS: In the pilot study, in each of the three evaluation phases of the data obtained, the decision algorithm and the instrument for data collection were restructured, aiming to achieve greater sensitivity and specificity in the detection of complications by the platform, as well as greater patient satisfaction. The ability to detect complications increased at each analysis and adjustment phase, and after the third and final phase of adjustments, 45 (71.4%) adverse events were reported, of which 12 (19%) were symptoms classified as high grade. In this sample, the digital solution was able to identify 3 (4.8%) real complications with a sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 84%, accuracy of 83%, positive predictive value of 25% and negative predictive value of 98%. We also had, 5(7.9%) errors in filling out detected and 1(1.6%) complications not detected by the platform, due to error in filling out the daily assessment questionnaire. Our rehospitalization rate by indication of the platform, in this sample was 2 (3.2%) and admission to the emergency room, considering referral or not from the platform, was 8 (12.7%). Complete adherence to the monitoring program was 83%, with an NPS score ranging from 69 to 95, the highest score obtained in the last evaluation phase. CONCLUSION: The a mobile health app created was proved to be safe, with high adherence rates and good acceptance by patients, but it still needs to be adjusted with the intention of reducing costs of referral and admission to the emergency department.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Telemedicine , Postoperative Period , Artificial Intelligence
13.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2023. 47 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1518923

ABSTRACT

A incidência dos casos de neoplasia de rim tem aumentado consideravelmente e o emprego da cirurgia minimamente invasiva poupadora de néfrons é, atualmente, considerado o padrão ouro para tumores T1a e T1b. Essa cirurgia pode ser realizada de forma minimamente invasiva, por meio da técnica laparoscópica e laparoscópica assistida por robô. No entanto, faz-se necessário um estudo para avaliar os resultados dessas duas técnicas, tendo em vista uma crescente difusão da técnica robô assistida e um maior número de cirurgiões em treinamento. Soma-se a isso a importância de preservação renal e de segurança oncológica, possibilitada pela nefrectomia parcial, que ainda é subutilizada devido à maior dificuldade técnica de realizá-la pela via laparoscópica. OBJETIVO: comparar a cirurgia aparoscópica com a cirurgia laparoscópica assistida por robô na realização da nefrectomia parcial, no período per e pós-operatório, quanto aos resultados de cada uma delas. MÉTODO: trata-se de uma coorte retrospectiva de 209 pacientes com neoplasia de rim localizado, submetidos à nefrectomia parcial laparoscópica no Hospital Madre Teresa, no período de outubro de 2014 a junho de 2019, e à nefrectomia parcial assistida por robô, no Hospital Felício Rocho, entre os anos de 2018 a 2021. Os dados do estudo foram coletados e gerenciados, usando-se as ferramentas eletrônicas de captura de dados REDCap, além da pesquisa de prontuário. A análise dos dados foi realizada utilizandose o software SPSS versão 25. Em todos os testes estatísticos, foi considerado um nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: em relação a fatores clínicos e cirúrgicos, observou-se que o tempo cirúrgico em horas, a permanência no hospital e a permanência no CTI foram maiores no grupo de nefrectomia parcial laparoscópica, quando comparados à nefrectomia parcial laparoscópica assistida por robô. Variáveis como complicações operatórias, hemotransfusão no per operatório, tipo de tumor, tamanho da lesão na peça cirúrgica e margens acometidas não mostraram diferença significativa entre os grupos (p>0,05). As complicações pós-operatórias foram mais frequentes no grupo de nefrectomia parcial laparoscópica (16,7%) quando comparadas ao grupo nefrectomia parcial laparoscópica assistida por robô (7,0%). O estadiamento pós-operatório também apresentou diferença significativa entre os grupos, sendo que os estádios iniciais (T0 e T1) foram proporcionalmente maiores no grupo de nefrectomia parcial laparoscópica, quando comparados ao grupo nefrectomia parcial laparoscópica assistida por robô. Já os estádios (T2 e T3) foram mais incidentes no grupo de nefrectomia parcial laparoscópica assistida por robô em relação ao outro grupo. CONCLUSÃO: com base nos resultados, pode-se afirmar que a técnica robô-assistida apresenta ganhos técnicos significativos e possibilita a ressecção de tumores tecnicamente mais difíceis, com menor taxa de complicações no pós-operatório. Apresenta tempo cirúrgico e tempo de internação hospitalar reduzidos em comparação com a cirurgia realizada por laparoscopia, além de alta precoce para aqueles que necessitam de unidade de terapia intensiva no pósoperatório.


Kidney cancer cases have increased considerably, and minimally invasive nephronsparing surgery is currently considered the gold standard for T1a and T1b tumors. This surgery can be performed minimally invasively, using the laparoscopic and robotassisted laparoscopic techniques. However, a study to evaluate the results of these two techniques is necessary, considering the increasing diffusion of the robot-assisted technique and the larger number of surgeons in training. Added to this is the importance of renal preservation and oncologic safety, made possible by partial nephrectomy, which is still underutilized due to the incredible technical difficulty of performing it laparoscopically. OBJECTIVE: To compare laparoscopic surgery with robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery in performing partial nephrectomy, in the per- and postoperative periods, regarding the results of each. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort of 209 patients with localized kidney cancer who underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy at Hospital Madre Teresa from October 2014 to June 2019 and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy at Hospital Felício Rocho between the years 2018 and 2021. Study data were collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tools and chart search. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 software. A 5% significance level was considered in all statistical tests. RESULTS: Regarding clinical and surgical factors, surgical time in hours, hospital stay, and intensive care unit stay were higher in the laparoscopic partial nephrectomy group when compared to the robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Variables such as operative complications, intraoperative blood transfusion, tumor type, size of the lesion on the surgical specimen, and affected margins showed no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). The variable postoperative complications showed higher frequency in the laparoscopic partial nephrectomy group (16.7%) compared to the robot-assisted partial nephrectomy group (7.0%). Postoperative staging also showed significant differences between groups, with early stages (T0 and T1) proportionally higher in the laparoscopic partial nephrectomy group when compared to the robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy group. Stages (T2 and T3) were higher in the laparoscopic robot-assisted partial nephrectomy group compared to the other group. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, it can be stated that the robot-assisted technique presents significant technical gains and allowed the resection of tumors that are technically more difficult and with a lower rate of complications in the postoperative period. It presented reduced surgical time and hospital stay compared to the surgery performed by laparoscopy. In patients who need to be referred to the intensive care unit postoperatively, the robot-assisted technique demonstrates a reduction in the length of stay in the intensive care unit.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Period , Wound Healing , Comparative Study , Carcinoma, Renal Cell , Laparoscopy , Preoperative Period , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Nephrectomy
14.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 83(3): 236-243, 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1522099

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cuidado postoperatorio de la rinoplastia ha evolucionado, paralelamente, al desarrollo de la técnica quirúrgica. Existen varias recomendaciones, sin embargo, hay una gran variabilidad interprofesional de las indicaciones post quirúrgicas. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica sobre los cuidados post operatorios de la rinoplastia. Material y Método: Para la realización de este estudio se llevaron a cabo búsquedas en PubMed y en Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews con los perfiles: ([rhinoplasty] AND [post operative care]) y ([rhinoplasty] AND [post surgical care]). Se seleccionaron los artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años, desde 2013 hasta 2023, ambos inclusive. Resultados: Los documentos analizados recogen la evidencia de los diferentes métodos de cuidados post quirúrgicos en rinoplastia. Estos confirman la utilización de corticoides en el período postoperatorio, así como el reposo en 90° y exponen la variabilidad interprofesional que existe en el protocolo postquirúrgico de esta cirugía. Conclusión: El uso de corticoides y el reposo en 90° disminuyen las complicaciones postquirúrgicas de la rinoplastia. Debe existir una clara información sobre lo que el paciente debe esperar post cirugía. El uso de opioides debe ser restringido y la analgesia debe ser multimodal. Es preciso realizar estudios futuros con mayor nivel de evidencia y tener protocolos uniformes para la práctica clínica.


Introduction: The postoperative care of rhinoplasty has evolved along with the development of the surgical technique. There are several recommendations, however there is enormous interprofessional variability of post-surgical indications. Aim: To carry out a systematic review of the scientific literature on rhinoplasty postoperative care. Material and Method: To carry out this study, searches were carried out in PubMed and in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews with the profiles: ([rhinoplasty] AND [post operative care]) and ([rhinoplasty] AND [post surgical care]). Articles published in the last 10 years were selected, from 2013 to 2023, both inclusive. Results: The documents analyzed collect the evidence of the different methods of post-surgical care in rhinoplasty, they confirm the use of corticosteroids in the postoperative period as well as rest at 90° and expose the interprofessional variability that exists in the post-surgical protocol of this surgery. Conclusion: The use of corticosteroids and rest at 90° reduce the post-surgical complications of rhinoplasty. There must be clear information about what the patient should expect post surgery. The use of opioids must be restricted and analgesia must be multimodal. It is necessary to carry out future studies with a higher level of evidence and have uniform protocols for clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Rhinoplasty/methods , Arnica , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Postoperative Period , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Pregabalin/therapeutic use , Analgesics/therapeutic use
15.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1420052

ABSTRACT

Las modernas técnicas quirúrgicas y anestésicas han permitido ampliar el número de intervenciones quirúrgicas a nivel hepático por diversas patologías. Logrando disminuir su moralidad pero manteniendo al día de hoy elevados niveles de morbilidad. Durante la cirugía hepática se producen cambios hemodinámicos vinculados a la movilización del hígado, a los clampeos y a las pérdidas sanguíneas independientemente de la vía de abordaje. En el postoperatorio las complicaciones o cambios fisiopatológicos derivan de las lesiones producidas por los fenómenos de isquemia y reperfusión; y aquellas producidas por la regeneración hepática. Dicha capacidad depende no solo de la cantidad de hígado remanente sino también de la posible hepatopatía preexistente. La insuficiencia hepática postoperatoria es la complicación más temida y se manifiesta con ictericia, ascitis, encefalopatía y alteraciones en la paraclínica como la hiperbilirrubinemia y descenso del tiempo de protrombina. Las complicaciones quirúrgicas dependen del procedimiento realizado y se dividen principalmente en biliares y vasculares. Las secuelas de las hepatectomías dependen de factores como el estado general del paciente, la presencia hepatopatía, el acto quirúrgico y la cantidad y calidad del hígado remanente.


Modern surgical and anesthetic techniques have made it possible to increase the number of liver surgeries for various pathologies. This has reduced morbidity but still maintains high levels of morbidity. During hepatic surgery, hemodynamic changes related to liver mobilization, clamping and blood loss occur independently of the approach route. In the postoperative period, complications or pathophysiological changes derive from the lesions produced by ischemia and reperfusion phenomena; and those produced by hepatic regeneration. This capacity depends not only on the amount of remaining liver but also on the possible pre-existing hepatopathy. Postoperative liver failure is the most feared complication and manifests with jaundice, ascites, encephalopathy and paraclinical alterations such as hyperbilirubinemia and decreased prothrombin time. Surgical complications depend on the procedure performed and are mainly divided into biliary and vascular. The sequelae of hepatectomies depend on factors such as the patient's general condition, the presence of liver disease, the surgical procedure and the quantity and quality of the remaining liver.


As modernas técnicas cirúrgicas e anestésicas tornaram possível aumentar o número de cirurgias hepáticas para várias patologias. Isto levou a uma diminuição da morbidade, mas ainda mantém altos níveis de morbidade. Durante a cirurgia hepática, ocorrem alterações hemodinâmicas ligadas à mobilização hepática, pinçamento e perda de sangue, independentemente da via de aproximação. No período pós-operatório, complicações ou alterações fisiopatológicas derivam de lesões causadas por fenômenos de isquemia e reperfusão, e aquelas causadas pela regeneração hepática. Esta capacidade depende não apenas da quantidade de fígado restante, mas também de uma possível doença hepática pré-existente. A insuficiência hepática pós-operatória é a complicação mais temida e se manifesta com icterícia, ascite, encefalopatia e alterações paraclínicas, tais como hiperbilirrubinemia e diminuição do tempo de protrombina. As complicações cirúrgicas dependem do procedimento realizado e são divididas principalmente em biliares e vasculares. As seqüelas de hepatectomias dependem de fatores como o estado geral do paciente, a presença de doença hepática, o procedimento cirúrgico e a quantidade e qualidade do fígado restante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hepatic Insufficiency/etiology , Hepatectomy/adverse effects , Postoperative Period , Risk Factors , Hepatectomy/mortality
16.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 28: e2719, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420260

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar autopercepção de sintomas vocais, de fadiga vocal e relacionados à tireoidectomia em indivíduos com câncer de tireoide, nos momentos pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato e pós-operatório tardio, e analisar a influência do gênero. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção antes e após com 20 indivíduos com câncer de tireoide, média de 46 anos de idade, avaliados em três momentos: pré-cirurgia (M1), imediatamente após cirurgia (M2) e no pós-operatório tardio (M3) da tireoidectomia. Os indivíduos responderam aos instrumentos Escala de Sintomas Vocais, Índice de Fadiga Vocal e Thyroidectomy-Related Voice and Symptom Questionnaire. Os dados foram analisados ​​de forma descritiva e inferencial. Resultados Na autoavaliação de sintomas vocais físicos e orofaringolaríngeos relacionados à tireoidectomia, o M3 apresentou valores estatisticamente menores que o M1 (p=0,006 e p=0,028, respectivamente) e o M2 (p<0,001 e p=0,004, respectivamente). Para os sintomas totais (p=0,001) e vocais (p=0,001) relacionados à tireoidectomia, os valores do M3 foram significativamente menores que os do M2. Na autoavaliação de sintomas vocais dos domínios total e limitação, o M1 (p<0,001; p<0,001) e o M3 (p=0,013; p=0,001) apresentaram valores significativamente menores que o M2. Indivíduos do gênero masculino apresentaram percepção de sintomas de fadiga no domínio fadiga e limitação vocal (p=0,035) e percepção de sintomas relacionados à tireoidectomia nos domínios total (p=0,044) e sintomas vocais (p=0,012) significativamente menores do que os do gênero feminino, independentemente do momento. Conclusão Sintomas vocais físicos e relacionados à tireoidectomia diminuem no pós-operatório tardio; sintomas vocais totais e limitação aumentam no pós-operatório imediato e diminuem no tardio. Mulheres têm maior percepção de fadiga e limitação vocal e de sintomas totais e vocais relacionados à tireoidectomia.


ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the self-perception of symptoms and vocal fatigue related to thyroidectomy in individuals with thyroid cancer in the pre, immediate post and late post-operative moments, and to analyze the influence of gender. Methods Intervention study before and after with 20 individuals, mean age 46 years, evaluated before surgery (M1), immediately after surgery (M2) and in the late postoperative period (M3) of thyroidectomy. Individuals answered the instruments: Voice Symptoms Scale, Vocal Fatigue Index and Thyroidectomy-Related Voice and Symptom Questionnaire. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Results In self-assessment of vocal symptoms of the total domains and limitation, M1 (p<0.001; p<0.001, respectively) and M3 (p=0.013; p=0.001, respectively) had significantly lower values than the M2. For the physical domain of self-assessment of vocal symptoms, the M3 showed statistically lower values than the M1 (p=0.006) and the M2 (p<0.001) assessments. Depending on the moment, the oropharyngolaryngeal symptoms in M3 had significantly lower values ​​than M2 (p=0.004) and M1 (p=0.028). Male scores were significantly lower than female scores in the self-assessment of fatigue symptoms in the fatigue and vocal limitation domain (p=0.035), regardless of the time of assessment. Conclusion Physical vocal symptoms and thyroidectomy-related symptoms decrease in the late postoperative period; total vocal symptoms and limitation increasing in the immediate postoperative period and decrease in the late postoperative period. Women have a higher perception of vocal fatigue and limitation, and of total and vocal symptoms related to thyroidectomy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Postoperative Period , Self Concept , Thyroidectomy/adverse effects , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Preoperative Period , Voice Disorders , Hoarseness , Fatigue
17.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, ColecionaSUS, SES-GO | ID: biblio-1512052

ABSTRACT

No período de pós Transplante Renal (TxR) o uso de imunossupressores é indicado. Seu uso crônico se associa a alterações endocrinometabólicas e do estado nutricional. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional de pacientes com Doenças Renais Crônicas (DRC) submetidos ao transplante renal. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com pessoas que vivem com a DRC, submetidas ao TxR, no período mínimo de 6 (seis) meses. Coletou-se dados socioeconômicos, demográficos, antecedentes clínicos e antropométricos. Feita análise estatística dos dados e determinada a média e desvio padrão das variáveis numéricas. Verificou-se a normalidade dos dados pelo teste de Shapiro Wilk. Para variáveis não-paramétricas, foi aplicado teste de U-Mann-Whitney. Para variáveis categóricas, foi realizada análise descritiva. A comparação foi feita por Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou teste Exato de Fisher. Foi adotado p<0,05. Resultados: Ao avaliar 52 pacientes observou-se interação significativa entre o sexo feminino e o ganho de peso (p=0,02). A eutrofia foi prevalente segundo o Índice de massa corporal IMC (48,08%), entretanto, a adequação da CB, CMB e AMBC apontou relevantes percentuais de desnutrição. Aumento da incidência de diabetes (5,77% vs 30,77%) e de dislipidemia (3,85% vs 17,31%) no período pós TxR. Conclusão: O ganho de peso se associou significativamente ao sexo feminino. Verificou-se que mesmo diante da prevalência de eutrofia ao avaliar o IMC, a desnutrição foi presente ao se classificar as adequações das circunferências corporais


In the period after Renal Transplantation (KTx) the use of immunosuppressants is indicated, their chronic use is associated with endocrine-metabolic alterations and nutritional status. Objective: Evaluate the nutritional status of patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) after kidney transplantation. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, carried out with people living with CKD, submitted to KTx, for a minimum period of 6 (six) months. Data on socioeconomic, demographic, clinical and anthropometric background were collected. Statistical analysis of the data was performed and the mean and standard deviation of numerical variables were determined. Data normality was verified by the Shapiro Wilk test. For non-parametric variables, U-Mann-Whitney´s test was applied. For categorical variables, descriptive analysis was performed. Comparison was performed using Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's test. The results were discussed at the 5% level of significance. Results: When assessing 52 patients, a significant interaction was observed between female gender and weight gain. (p=0,02). Eutrophy was prevalent according to BMI(48,08%) However, the adequacy of the MAC, MAMC and AMA presented relevant percentages of malnutrition. Increased incidence of diabetes (5,77% vs 30,77%) and dyslipidemia (3,85% vs 17,31%) in the period after KTx. Conclusion: The weight gain was significantly associated with female gender. It was found that even in the face of the prevalence of eutrophy when assessing BMI, malnutrition was present when classifying the adequacy of body circumferences


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Kidney Transplantation , Postoperative Period , Weight Gain , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects
18.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, ColecionaSUS, SES-GO | ID: biblio-1511511

ABSTRACT

A definição de amputação compreende a separação total ou parcial de um membro do resto do corpo, com finalidade de proporcionar alívio à dor ou evitar a morte. Apesar de ser algo ocorrido no corpo físico e de cunho reconstrutor, também pode gerar impactos psíquicos a quem vivencia. Objetivos: A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar um estudo qualitativo sobre como as pessoas que sofreram amputação de membros inferiores (MMII) lidam com o processo de mudança corporal e a vivência do luto. O desenvolvimento deste estudo justifica-se pelo avanço no campo da investigação do processo associado à cirurgia de amputação e seus aspectos psicológicos. Isso possibilita uma possível contribuição para a compreensão de como esses sujeitos vivenciam o processo de luto e a reintegração de sua imagem corporal, uma vez que a amputação pode trazer consequências em diversas áreas da vida do paciente. Metodologia: O estudo foi realizado através de uma amostragem intencional, composta por seis participantes, submetidos à amputação de membros inferiores, internados em um hospital de urgências. Para isso foram realizadas duas entrevistas semiestruturadas, utilizadas em dois momentos: após a indicação clínica de amputação e no pós-operatório, após a retirada do membro. Posteriormente, as entrevistas foram analisadas por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados e Discussão: A partir das entrevistas realizadas, emergiram diversos conteúdos emocionais. Assim, compreendeu-se que a amputação, em grande medida, assumiu um caráter traumático para os sujeitos, sobretudo considerando-se as especificidades de cada situação em particular. Conclusões: Mediante o estudo realizado, concluiu-se que o acompanhamento psicológico nesse cenário visa a manejar o impacto psicológico que a perda do membro pode ocasionar na vida do paciente, auxiliando na construção de uma nova imagem corporal, permitindo, assim, que o sujeito possa lidar com as decorrentes repercussões emocionais


The definition of amputation comprises the complete or partial separation of a limb from the rest of the body, with the purpose of providing pain relief or preventing death. Although it is something that happens in the physical body and has a reconstructive nature, it can also generate psychological impacts on those who experience it. Objectives: The objective of this research is to conduct a qualitative study on how individuals who have undergone lower limb amputations cope with the process of bodily changes and the experience of mourning. The development of this study is justified by the advancements in the field of investigation regarding the amputation surgery process and its psychological aspects. This allows for a potential contribution to the understanding of how these individuals experience the mourning process and the reintegration of their body image, as amputation can have consequences in various areas of the patient's life. Methodology: The study was conducted through intentional sampling, consisting of six participants who had undergone lower limb amputations and were hospitalized in an emergency hospital. Two semi-structured interviews were conducted, used at two moments: after the clinical indication of amputation and post-operative limb removal, and later analyzed using content analysis technique. Results and Discussion: Several emotional contents emerged from the interviews conducted. Thus, it was understood that amputation, to a great extent, assumed a traumatic character for these individuals, especially considering the specificities of each particular situation. Conclusions: Based on the conducted study, it was concluded that psychological support in this scenario aims to manage the psychological impact that limb loss can cause in the patient's life, assisting in the construction of a new body image and enabling the individual to cope with the resulting emotional repercussions


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Amputees/psychology , Postoperative Period , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Emergency Service, Hospital
19.
Chinese Journal of Hepatology ; (12): 524-531, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-986163

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the factors influencing total bilirubin elevation and its correlation with UGT1A1 gene polymorphism in the early postoperative period of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). Methods: 104 cases with portal hypertension and esophageal variceal hemorrhage (EVB) treated with elective TIPS treatment were selected as the study subjects and were divided into a bilirubin-elevated group and a normal bilirubin group according to the total bilirubin elevation level during the early postoperative period. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the factors influencing total bilirubin elevation in the early postoperative period. PCR amplification and first-generation sequencing technology were used to detect the polymorphic loci of the UGT1A1 gene promoter TATA box, enhancer c.-3279 T > G, c.211G > A, and c.686C > A. Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation of four locus alleles and genotypes with elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period. Results: Among the 104 cases, 47 patients were in the bilirubin elevated group, including 35 males (74.5%) and 12 females (25.5%), aged (50.72 ± 12.56) years. There were 57 cases in the normal bilirubin group, including 42 males (73.7%) and 15 females (26.3%), aged (51.63 ± 11.10) years. There was no statistically significant difference in age (t = -0.391, P = 0.697) and gender (χ(2) = 0.008, P = 0.928) between the two groups of patients. Univariate analysis revealed that preoperative alanine transaminase (ALT) level (χ(2) = 5.954, P = 0.015), total bilirubin level (χ(2) = 16.638, P < 0.001), MELD score (χ(2) = 10.054, P = 0.018), Child-Pugh score (χ(2) = 6.844, P = 0.022), and postoperative portal vein branch development (χ(2) = 6.738, P = 0.034) were statistically significantly different between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative ALT level, total bilirubin level, and portal vein branch development after TIPS were correlated with the elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period. The polymorphism of the c.211G > A locus of the UGT1A1 gene correlation had elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period of TIPS. The risk of elevated total bilirubin was increased in the population carrying allele A (P = 0.001, OR = 4.049) in the early postoperative period. Allelic polymorphisms in the TATA box promoter region and enhancer c.-3279 T > G and c.686C > A had no statistically significant difference between the bilirubin-elevated group and the normal bilirubin group. Conclusion: The preoperative ALT level, total bilirubin level, and portal vein branch development are correlated with the elevated total bilirubin in early postoperative patients. The polymorphisms of the UGT1A1 gene and enhancer c.211G > A are correlated with the occurrence of elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period of TIPS. Allele A carrier may have a higher risk of elevated total bilirubin in the early postoperative period.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Bilirubin , Esophageal and Gastric Varices , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/surgery , Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic , Postoperative Period , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics
20.
Rev. enferm. UFSM ; 13: 28, 2023.
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1451175

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: avaliar a intensidade e o desconforto provocados pela sede em pacientes em pós-operatório imediato. Método: estudo exploratório-descritivo, desenvolvido com pacientes internados na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica de um hospital público paranaense. Avaliaram-se indivíduos maiores de 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, com cognitivo preservado, internados de junho de 2021 a janeiro de 2022. A intensidade e o desconforto da sede foram mensurados por escalas específicas. Resultados: avaliaram-se 150 pacientes, com média de 43,9 anos. A maioria era do sexo masculino (65,3%), sem comorbidades (68,7%), submetida à raquianestesia (58%) e cirurgia ortopédica (59,3%), com soroterapia em curso (92,7%). O tempo médio de cirurgia foi 1,5 hora e 14,6 horas de jejum; 72,7% da amostra verbalizou sede, sendo que 37,6% queixaram-se de forma espontânea. Conclusão: os participantes de pesquisa apresentaram intensidade (6,6) e desconforto (7,6) moderados de sede no pós-operatório, tornando-se necessário discutir protocolos institucionais de intervenção para diminuir tal evento.


Objective: to evaluate the intensity and discomfort caused by thirst in patients in the immediate postoperative period. Method: exploratory-descriptive study developed with patients hospitalized in the post-anesthetic recovery room of a public hospital in Paraná. Individuals over 18 years of age, of both sexes, with preserved cognitive function, hospitalized from June 2021 to January 2022, were evaluated. Thirst intensity and discomfort were measured by specific scales. Results: 150 patients were evaluated, with a mean of 43.9 years. Most were male (65.3%), without comorbidities (68.7%), underwent spinal anesthesia (58%) and orthopedic surgery (59.3%), with ongoing serotherapy (92.7%). The mean surgery time was 1.5 hours and 14.6 hours of fasting; 72.7% of the sample verbalized thirst, and 37.6% complained spontaneously. Conclusion: the research participants presented moderate intensity (6.6) and discomfort (7.6) of thirst in the postoperative period, making it necessary to discuss institutional intervention protocols to reduce such event.


Objetivo: evaluar la intensidad y el malestar causado por la sed en pacientes en el postoperatorio inmediato. Método: estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, desarrollado con pacientes internados en la sala de recuperación postanestésica de un hospital público de Paraná. Se evaluaron personas mayores de 18 años, de ambos sexos, con habilidades cognitivas conservadas, hospitalizadas entre junio de 2021 y enero de 2022. Se midió la intensidad y el malestar de la sed mediante escalas específicas. Resultados: Se evaluaron 150 pacientes, con una edad media de 43,9 años. La mayoría eran hombres (65,3%), sin comorbilidades (68,7%), con anestesia espinal (58%) y cirugía ortopédica (59,3%), con sueroterapia en curso (92,7%). El tiempo promedio de cirugía fue de 1,5 horas y 14,6 horas de ayuno; El 72,7% de la muestra verbalizó sed, con un 37,6% quejándose espontáneamente. Conclusión: los participantes de la investigación presentaron moderada intensidad (6,6) y malestar (7,6) de la sed en el postoperatorio, siendo necesario discutir protocolos de intervención institucional para la reducción de ese evento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Period , Recovery Room , Perioperative Nursing , Thirst , Symptom Assessment
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